基于感官的干预对重症患者痴呆症预防的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Chenli Xu1, Yan Zhang1, Dajiang Yuan1
1Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
International journal of nursing practice
|January 21, 2025
概括
基于感官的干预措施有效地减少了重症患者的妄想. 听觉和触觉刺激显示出显著的益处,使它们成为预防的首选选择.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 痴呆症是重症患者常见和严重的并发症.
- 基于感官的干预 (SBI) 越来越多地被探索,以防止妄想.
- 需要综合证据来指导临床实践.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关SBI在重症成年人痴呆症预防方面的有效性证据.
- 为了确定哪种类型的SBI是最有效的.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2022年12月.
- 包括涉及重病成人 (≥18岁) 和SBI的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- Delirium 发病率使用 ICU 的混评估方法 (CAM-ICU) 进行评估.
主要成果:
- 系统性审查包括了14项研究.
- 总的来说,SBI证明了痴呆症发病率的减少.
- 听觉刺激 (OR,0.46;95% CI,0.27-0.79) 和触觉刺激 (OR,0.53;95% CI,0.33-0.87) 是显著有效的.
- 视觉干预对妄发病率没有显著影响 (OR,0.71;95% CI,0.38-1.30).
结论:
- 基于感官的干预措施显著降低了重症监护机构 Delirium 的发生率.
- 在选择SBI用于妄预防时,应优先考虑听觉刺激.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索视觉干预的最佳实施.
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