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实现个性化心脏代谢风险预测:暴露和AI的融合
Zeinab Shahbazi1, Slawomir Nowaczyk1
1Center for Applied Intelligent Systems Research, Halmstad University, Sweden.
Heliyon
|January 21, 2025
概括
本研究引入了一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,使用暴露组数据来预测心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险,其表现与临床模型相似. 它强调可修改的生活方式因素,以进行个性化的健康评估和早期干预.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
背景情况:
- 暴露组显著影响心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险,但将这些复杂因素纳入预测模型是具有挑战性的.
- 现有的模型通常依赖于临床数据,这限制了它们在广泛的公共卫生查和个性化风险评估中的适用性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,使用可访问的非临床暴露因子来预测心脏病风险.
- 评估基于暴露基的ML模型与整合性临床和物理变量模型的性能.
- 确定与心血管疾病风险相关的关键暴露因子.
主要方法:
- 一个随机森林分类器被用于预测CVD风险,使用来自韩国的多中心队列的109个暴露变量 (身体,环境,生活方式,心理健康,早期生活).
- 该模型经过内部和外部验证,性能与结合临床和物理变量的ML模型相比较.
- 使用先进的可解释性方法来解释模型的决策过程.
主要成果:
- 基于暴露基的ML模型表现出与整合模型可比的性能,实现曲线下的面积 (AUC) 为0.82(+/-) 0.01.01.
- 为预测心血管疾病风险而确定的主要暴露因子包括白天小睡,教育水平,吸烟史,疲劳频率和工作状态.
- 该模型的有效性在内部和外部数据集中得到验证.
结论:
- 利用暴露组数据,特别是可修改的生活方式因素,为早期心血管疾病风险预测和个性化干预提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 开发的ML模型为公共卫生查提供了可行的工具,增强了对心血管疾病的早期检测.
- 了解特定暴露因子的影响可以指导有针对性的公共卫生战略,以减轻心脏病发病率.
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