通过宿主基因表达基于排名的集群机器学习算法对急性细菌和病毒感染进行强有力的诊断:多队列模型开发和验证研究
Yifei Shen1,2,3, Dongsheng Han1,2,3, Wenxin Qu1,2,3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Clinical chemistry
|January 21, 2025
概括
使用宿主基因表达的机器学习算法InfectDiagno准确诊断感染. 这种工具显示出高灵敏度和特异性,改善了患者护理和打击抗菌素耐药性.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.
- 传染病诊断 传染病诊断 传染病诊断
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 准确和及时的感染诊断对于患者的治疗结果和预防抗菌素耐药性至关重要.
- 宿主基因表达概况提供了早期和精确的感染诊断的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证InfectDiagno,一种使用宿主基因表达模式进行感染诊断的新算法.
- 通过基于等级的整体机器学习方法来提高感染诊断的精度.
主要方法:
- 开发了InfectDiagno,一个基于排名的整体机器学习算法,在11个数据集上进行训练,并使用多队列样本进行优化.
- 在九个独立数据集和517名患者的前性临床队列上验证了算法.
- 利用100个特征基因,根据表达级别选择用于感染预测.
主要成果:
- 非感染者与感染者分类器实现了0.95.95的接收器操作特征曲线 (AUC) 下的区域.
- 细菌与病毒分类器也实现了0.95的AUC,对于细菌 (0.931/0.963) 和病毒 (0.872/0.929) 感染都有很高的灵敏度和特异性.
- 在未来的临床队列中,InfectDiagno正确分类了95%的样本.
结论:
- 感染诊断 (InfectDiagno) 是一个强大的工具,用于在现实世界患者群体中准确识别感染.
- 该算法显示了改善感染诊断中的临床护理的巨大潜力.
- 宿主基因表达简介与机器学习相结合,为先进的诊断提供了一个有希望的途径.
相关概念视频
01:17Classification of Illness
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
01:25Rapid Identification of Pathogens
MALDI-TOF MS has transformed clinical microbiology by offering a rapid and reliable method for pathogen identification. The traditional approach to microbial identification typically involves time-consuming culture techniques and biochemical tests, which can delay the initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. MALDI-TOF MS avoids these delays by using characteristic ribosomal protein mass patterns of microbial cells, enabling accurate species-level identification within minutes.Principle...