身体活动-过去,现在和潜在的未来:一篇最先进的综述
Matthew Mclaughlin1,2,3,4, Peter McCue5, Brittany Swelam6
1UWA Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009,Australia.
Health promotion international
|January 21, 2025
概括
身体活动 (PA) 研究具有强有力的健康证据基础,但缺乏干预和政策之间的整合. 未来的PA推广需要政治知情,超越受控疗效试验的多部门战略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 自20世纪50年代以来,体力活动 (PA) 研究已经从生物医学范式发展出来,在PA和积极的健康结果之间建立了强有力的联系.
- 当前的理解承认PA是一个多部门问题,需要跨交通,城市设计和体育部门的协作解决方案,从而产生个人和社会利益.
- 在PA干预,政策实施和实践之间存在显著的脱节,可能是由于跨部门合作有限.
研究的目的:
- 对身体活动 (PA) 研究,实践和政策的历史发展,当前方法和未来方向进行最先进的审查.
- 识别障碍,并提出解决方案,以推进PA推广和政策实施.
- 强调需要在PA研究和行动中采用政治知情策略.
主要方法:
- 一个全面的文献综述,综合了历史的PA研究,当前的干预策略和政策框架.
- 分析公共部门和私营部门在PA倡议中的互动.
- 检查在PA推广中使用的政策工具,区分"软"和"硬"方法.
主要成果:
- 尽管有强有力的证据将PA与健康联系起来,但研究,干预设计和现实世界政策和实践之间仍然存在差距.
- 现有的公共政策实施主要使用"软"政策工具 (例如,沟通) 而不是"硬"的 (例如,财政措施).
- 有限的跨部门合作阻碍了有效地将PA研究转化为可扩展的干预和政策.
结论:
- 未来的PA推广进展需要从以有效性为重点的试验转向复杂,现实,政治知情,多部门战略.
- 将公共政策考虑纳入PA计划设计中至关重要,以应对政治约束.
- 发出了一项行动呼吁,以加强对政治学原则在政治学研究和政策中的理解和应用,以采取有效行动.
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