手势抵消了通过微妙的语言线索传达的性别刻板印象
Yihan Qian1, Susan Goldin-Meadow1, Lin Bian1
1Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.
概括
手势可以减少性别刻板印象. 一个"平等"的手势,当与语言配对时,帮助孩子们表达更多的平等信念,抵制微妙的偏见.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 性别刻板印象可以通过语言微妙地加强,即使是为了平等.
- 主题补充陈述 (SCS) 如"女孩在数学上和男孩一样好"可以无意中通过将男孩定位为规范来延续刻板印象.
- 非语言暗示,如手势,可能在儿童如何处理和内化这些陈述中发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查"平等"的姿态是否可以抵消由主体补充陈述 (SCS) 传达的性别刻板印象.
- 为了确定儿童接触平等姿态是否会影响他们的平等主义信仰.
- 探索非语言干预在缓解儿童语言诱导偏见方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 两项预先注册的研究与320名年龄在8~11岁的儿童进行.
- 儿童接触到主体补充语句 (SCS),并配上"平等"的手势,"不平等"的手势或没有手势.
- 衡量了平等主义信仰,以评估SCS和手势组合的影响.
主要成果:
- 与SCS一起观察"平等"手势的孩子更倾向于表达平等主义信仰.
- 暴露于"不平等"的手势或没有手势并没有产生同样的刻板印象的缓解.
- 这表明儿童可以在形成刻板印象的推断时解释和利用手势信息.
结论:
- 一个"平等"的手势可以有效地减轻儿童中由主体补充陈述引入的性别刻板印象.
- 姿态作为一种简单而又创新的干预来促进平等主义.
- 非语言沟通是儿童对社会偏见的理解和潜在忘却的一个重要因素.
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