评价美国减少枪支暴力的好处
Philip J Cook1, Marc Jeuland1,2, Jens Ludwig3
1Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708.
概括
美国人愿意每户支付744美元,以使枪支暴力减少20%. 这种支付意愿的估计为评估枪支暴力预防政策提供了新的基础.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境和职业健康 环境和职业健康
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 估计枪支暴力对经济的影响对于政策决策至关重要.
- 以前对减少枪支暴力的经济评估已经过时或缺乏概念上的健全性.
- 为了解决这些局限性,进行了一项全国代表性的调查.
研究的目的:
- 从概念上来说,对减少枪支暴力的货币化价值进行合理和最新的估计.
- 评估这个值是如何在人口中分布的.
- 为评估旨在减少枪支暴力的政府法规提供一个有效的基础.
主要方法:
- 2022年8月进行了一项全国代表性调查 (n=660).
- 在调查中添加了潜在估值项目,以衡量支付意愿 (WTP).
- 双边的WTP估计来自对假设公投的回应的回归分析.
主要成果:
- 州枪支暴力减少20%的平均家庭WTP为744美元 (IQR:$668-$928),全国共计976.6亿美元.
- 家庭WTP与收入,枪支暴力的认真程度和受害风险的认知正相关.
- 估计的WTP大约是最近伤害成本估计的两倍.
结论:
- 随机估值方法为估计减少枪支暴力的经济价值提供了有效的结果.
- 估计的WTP为评估关于枪支暴力的拟议联邦法规提供了坚实的基础.
- 这种估值提供了一个更细致的了解与枪支暴力相关的成本在不同的人口统计学.
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