相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 1, 2025

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupoint Massage for Treating Constipation in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupoint Massage for Treating Constipation in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Published on: August 18, 2023

预防性松剂对阿片类药物引起的便秘的有效性:回顾性倾向得分匹配分析

Yuka Okuda¹, Toshiyuki Kuriyama², Yoshi Tsukiyama¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama-Shi, 641-8509, Japan.

Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

|January 21, 2025

概括

预防性药没有显著改变癌症患者的阿片类药物诱导便秘 (OIC) 率. 65岁以上的年龄和不良表现状况与较高的OIC发病率有关,这表明有针对性的干预措施可能比常规的药使用更有效.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
胃肠病学胃肠病学
药理学药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

阿片类药物诱导的便秘 (OIC) 是阿片类药物治疗癌症患者的常见和令人痛苦的副作用.
目前的指导方针建议与阿片类止痛药同时使用常规药.
预防性松剂在预防OIC的有效性尚未得到充分证实.

研究的目的:

为了调查癌症患者开始服用强烈阿片类止痛药时OIC的发生率.
为了比较接受预防性药和不接受预防性药的患者之间的OIC率.
确定与OIC发展相关的因素.

主要方法:

分析了928名住院成人癌症患者的队列,这些患者开始服用强烈的阿片类止痛药.
倾向性得分匹配被用于创建具有和没有预防性药的可比组.
多变量后勤分析确定了与OIC发病率相关的因素.

主要成果:

患有OIC的患者 (48.1%) 和没有 (48.9%) 预防性药 (OR=0.97,95% CI:0.69-1.36) 之间的发病率相似.
年龄较大 (≥65岁) 与OIC发病率较高有关 (OR=1.53,95% CI:1.07-2.19).
低绩效状态 (ECOG PS ≥3) 也与OIC发病率的增加有关 (OR=1.69,95% CI:1.04-2.77).

结论:

预防性药没有显著影响该患者群体中OIC的发病率.
在开始阿片类药物治疗时,可能不需要常规预防性松剂的使用.
年龄和绩效状况是OIC的重要风险因素,这表明需要个性化管理策略.

关键词:

癌症疼痛癌症疼痛在 ECOG PS 中,您可以使用 ECOG PS.由阿片类药物引起的便秘.预防性松剂预防性松剂

更多相关视频

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy

Published on: August 1, 2019

相关概念视频

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This...

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...