单剂量活体重组化学化学日本脑炎疫苗在成年人中的长期免疫性
Deborah J Mills1,2, Narayan Gyawali3, Nirupama A Nammunige3
1Dr Deb The Travel Doctor, Travel Medicine Alliance, Brisbane, Australia.
Journal of travel medicine
|January 21, 2025
概括
日本脑炎仿制疫苗 (Imojev®) 在接种疫苗后5年内保持高血清阳性. 虽然大多数人的免疫力是持久的,但有些人体验到免疫力下降,这表明高风险旅行者可能从强剂中受益.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 日本脑炎病毒 (JEV) 是亚洲病毒性脑炎的重要原因.
- 感染JEV的病例死亡率和发病率很高.
- 活复合日本脑炎化学疫苗 (Imojev®) 超过5年的长期疗效数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估Imojev®疫苗的长期免疫性.
- 为了评估成年人接受Imojev®疫苗接种超过5年的血清阳性率.
主要方法:
- 对103名用Imojev®接种疫苗的成年人进行横截面研究.
- 参与者根据接种疫苗后的时间 (2-5年和>5年) 分为不同阶层.
- 通过减少斑块的中和试验 (PRNT50) 测量中和抗体标位; ≥10被认为是阳性病毒.
主要成果:
- 所有在5年内接种疫苗的参与者仍然呈血清阳性.
- 接种疫苗≥5年前的92.9%的参与者是血清阳性.
- 在5-9年前接种疫苗的4名参与者 (7.1%) 呈血清阴性,血清阴性与接种疫苗后的时间较长有关 (中位数9.2与5.1年).
结论:
- 伊莫杰夫 (Imojev®) 提供持久的免疫力,在接种疫苗后的10年内保持超过90%的血清阳性.
- 在少数人群中观察到的免疫力下降表明可能需要增强剂量.
- 提升剂可能对高风险旅行者有益,5年前接种过疫苗.
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