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Updated: Jun 1, 2025

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添加盐到食物和发生抑郁症和焦虑症的风险
Weiwei Wang1,2,3, Xiaotian Chang4, Feifei Lin5
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Ankang Lane, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100088, China.
将更多的盐添加到食物中与更高的抑郁和焦虑风险有关. 减少盐的摄入量可能有助于预防这些心理健康状况.
科学领域:
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食显著影响心理健康.
- 关于盐摄入量和抑郁症/焦虑症风险的证据有限.
- 这项研究调查了添加盐到食物和心理健康结果之间的纵向联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查食品中添加盐的频率与抑郁症发生率之间的关联.
- 调查食品中添加盐的频率与焦虑的发生率之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 利用了444,787名没有先前抑郁症或焦虑症诊断的成年人的英国生物库数据.
- 通过触摸屏问卷 (利克特尺度) 评估盐添加习惯.
- 采用考克斯的比例危险模型来分析与事件抑郁和焦虑的关系 (ICD-10代码F32-F33和F40-F48).
主要成果:
- 在14.5年的随访期间,在食品中添加盐的频率更高与抑郁症和焦虑症风险增加有关.
- 与从未/很少添加盐的人相比,总是添加盐的人患抑郁症的风险增加了1.29倍,焦虑症的风险增加了1.17倍.
- 盐添加组中抑郁风险的P趋势为<0.001.
结论:
- 增加盐的摄入量独立地与患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险更高有关.
- 促进减少盐摄入量的公共卫生倡议可以有效地预防心理健康障碍.
- 对心理健康的饮食干预措施的进一步研究是有必要的.
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