酒精许可的系统性不平等:在8个新西兰社区的案例研究
Steve Randerson1, Sally Casswell1, Belinda Borell1
1SHORE & Whariki Research Centre, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.
Drug and alcohol review
|January 22, 2025
概括
结构性障碍和种族主义阻止资源不足的社区和毛利人影响酒精许可决定,阻碍了减少与酒精有关的伤害的努力. 许可制度需要从公平和土著的角度进行审查.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 土著研究土著研究.
背景情况:
- 全球范围内存在着酒精出口密度的社会经济和种族不平等,包括新西兰奥特亚罗亚.
- 酒精许可系统在这些不平等中所扮演的角色未被充分探索.
- 新西兰的2012年后改革未能赋予社区团体和毛利 (土著人民) 在许可决定中的权力,尽管有Te Tiriti o Waitangi的义务.
研究的目的:
- 在新西兰阿托亚罗亚酒精许可系统中,探索导致公共反对意见在资源不足的社区失败的因素.
- 确定社区反对者,特别是毛利人在影响许可决定时所面临的障碍.
主要方法:
- 一项描述性的多方法定性研究分析了在提出异议的情况下授予许可证外批准的八项决定.
- 与听证会参与者和社会经济贫困地区的当地居民进行了采访.
- 主题分析确定了影响反对者影响,与土著权利一致以及居民对酒精问题和许可程序的认识的因素.
主要成果:
- 居民认识到当地与酒精有关的危害,但缺乏对反对机会的认识.
- 反对者遇到了重大的结构性障碍,包括资源挑战 (旅行费用,收入损失,法律援助有限) 和竞争性的社会问题.
- 毛利人的投入因法律障碍和未能承认土著权利和文化元素而被边缘化.
- 区域剥夺证据支持风险论点,但官方数据限制削弱了反对意见.
结论:
- 包括种族主义在内的结构性障碍显著限制了贫困社区和毛利人在酒精许可决定中的影响.
- 这些障碍削弱了风险评估,可能增加了社区对酒精销售点的暴露.
- 建议对酒精许可制度进行审查,优先考虑公平和土著观点,以解决系统性不平等问题.
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