执行职能困难对意大利自闭症学龄前儿童行为和适应问题的影响
Roberta Igliozzi1, Romina Cagiano1, Marta Berni1,2
1IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.
Clinical neuropsychiatry
|January 22, 2025
概括
执行功能 (EF) 影响自闭症学龄前儿童的行为和适应能力. 针对EF,特别是抑制和工作记忆,是早期干预和改善结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种影响社会沟通和行为的神经发育状况.
- 执行功能 (EF) 对于适应性功能和情绪调节至关重要.
- 了解EF与学龄前儿童的ASD核心挑战之间的相互作用对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究执行功能 (EF) 与症状严重程度,行为问题和自闭症学龄前儿童的适应性功能之间的关系.
- 确定特定的EF领域,预测该人群的行为和适应性结果.
主要方法:
- 评估了76名没有智力障碍的自闭症学前儿童 (37-72个月).
- 使用基于绩效 (BAFE) 和母报告 (BRIEF-P) 工具来测量EF.
- 还评估了适应能力 (VABS-II),ASD严重程度 (ADOS-2,SCQ) 和情绪/行为概况 (CBCL).
主要成果:
- 很大一部分自闭症学龄前儿童表现出EF弱点,特别是在抑制和工作记忆方面.
- EF测量了显著预测的情绪/行为特征和适应能力,特别是在社会化方面.
- 来自BRIEF-P的抑制,情绪控制和认知灵活性是EF的关键预测因素.
结论:
- 在自闭症学龄前儿童中评估EF可以识别那些情绪/行为和适应性困难的风险较高的人.
- 执行功能是幼儿自闭症早期干预的关键目标.
- 改善EF可能会导致儿童自闭症的整体结果更好.
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