糖尿病母亲的婴儿中先天性心脏缺陷的模式和频率
Hussain A Al Ghadeer1, Ahmed H Alherz1, Fatimah S Albattat1
1Paediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, AlAhsa, SAU.
Cureus
|January 22, 2025
概括
母亲糖尿病显著增加新生儿先天性心脏缺陷 (CHD) 的风险. 早期诊断和查对于糖尿病母亲 (IDM) 的婴儿至关重要,以减少死亡率.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 母亲糖尿病 (DM) 是婴儿先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的重要危险因素.
- 糖尿病母亲 (IDMs) 的婴儿面临着由于复杂的病理生理学涉及遗传,代谢和环境因素的先天性形的更高风险.
- 制定有效的IDM查策略对于减少可预防的新生儿死亡率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索患有糖尿病的母亲生下的婴儿先天性心脏缺陷 (CHD) 的范围.
- 为了确定这种高风险新生儿群体中冠状动脉疾病的患病率和类型.
主要方法:
- 在沙特阿拉伯AlAhsa (2022-2023) 进行的一项探索性研究,涉及401名新生儿.
- 儿童心脏病专家在生命的前七天内对293名糖尿病母亲的合格婴儿进行心声扫描.
- 收集关于孕妇糖尿病类型 (孕期与孕前) 和婴儿心脏病的数据.
主要成果:
- 在293名符合条件的婴儿中,200名 (68.3%) 被诊断出患有心血管疾病.
- 专利性动脉管 (PDA) 是最常见的心脏病 (71.5%),其次是多变性心肌病 (36.5%) 和心室隔膜缺陷 (VSD) (11%).
- 一小部分 (一个患者) 患有复杂的先天性心脏病.
结论:
- 糖尿病母亲产生的婴儿中心脏病的患病率很高,这强调了需要进行彻底的心脏评估的必要性.
- 强烈建议在IDM中早期诊断CHD,因为它们的高风险状态.
- 为此群体量身定制的产前心血管疾病查计划的开发是必不可少的.
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