在毛里求斯的巫术,嫉妒和规范执行
Aiyana K Willard1, Nachita Rosun2, Kirsten Lesage3
1Centre for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University of London, Kingston Ln, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK. aiyana.willard@brunel.ac.uk.
Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.)
|January 22, 2025
概括
在毛里求斯,对巫术的信仰强制执行社会规范,防止引起嫉妒. 这种超自然的信仰,与宗教不同,通过将不幸归因于嫉妒驱动的巫术来调节行为.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 文化人类学 文化人类学
- 宗教研究是宗教研究.
背景情况:
- 宗教信仰往往强制执行社会规范,但它们对其他超自然信仰的应用,如巫术是未经探索的.
- 巫术信仰在许多文化中普遍存在,并且可能在宗教框架之外发挥社会功能.
研究的目的:
- 调查巫术信仰在强制执行社会规范中的作用,特别是关于嫉妒的,在毛里求斯.
- 从宗教信仰中区分巫术信仰的规范执行功能.
主要方法:
- 在毛里求斯进行了两项预先注册的研究,采用了亲自收集的数据.
- 第1项研究 (N=445) 检查了对伤害的看法,动机 (嫉妒,自私),以及对巫术的归因.
- 第二项研究 (N=292) 探讨了在违反规范之后的不幸 (导致嫉妒与自私行为) 归因于巫术与上帝.
主要成果:
- 练习巫术和嫉妒或自私的动机增加了对伤害和巫术归因的看法,而嫉妒则具有更强大的影响.
- 对巫术的信仰对社会观点和声誉产生了负面影响.
- 嫉妒规范违反后的不幸被归因于巫术,而自私行为后的不幸被归因于上帝,这表明巫术在强制执行反嫉妒规范中的作用.
结论:
- 毛里求斯的巫术信仰的功能是强制执行与防止嫉妒有关的特定社会规范.
- 这些发现表明,与宗教信仰相比,巫术信仰可以支持不同的社会规范.
- 该研究强调了超自然信仰在特定文化背景下调节社会行为的细微作用.
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