从表面上看:一个幽灵驾驶员现场研究,调查行人与带有人形显示器的无人驾驶车辆之间的互动
David R Large1, Catherine Harvey1, Madeline Hallewell1
1Human Factors Research Group, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Ergonomics
|January 22, 2025
概括
步行者更喜欢在自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 上使用与人相似的外部人机接口 (eHMI),以实现更清晰的通信. 人形设计,特别是人脸,与抽象或没有接口相比,增强了信任和关注.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
- 运输工程 运输工程
背景情况:
- 自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 需要有效的通信方法来与行人互动.
- 当前的自动驾驶汽车往往缺乏对行人互动的明确信号,导致依赖传统的车辆线索.
- 外部人机接口 (eHMI) 正在开发,以弥合这种沟通差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估行人对装有不同外部人机接口 (eHMI) 的自动化车辆 (AV) 的感知和行为.
- 评估 eHMI 中的人形设计元素对行人信任,清晰度和信心的影响.
- 为了比较高 (人脸),低 (汽车图案) 和抽象eHMI与无eHMI基线的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个模拟使用"幽灵驾驶员"系统的自动驾驶系统的道路研究.
- 收集了超过10小时的视频数据 (n=520) 和64个行人调查答案.
- 在基线条件下对三种原型eHMI (高,低,抽象的人类形态) 的评估.
主要成果:
- 步行者表示他们希望自动驾驶汽车明确沟通,尽管他们经常依赖车辆的线索.
- 高和低的人形 eHMI 在清晰度,自信和信任方面获得了最积极的回应.
- 高人形的eHMI吸引了更多的目光,并获得了最高的偏好评分,而抽象的eHMI表现不佳.
结论:
- 人类形态的eHMI,特别是那些具有人类特征的eHMI,可以显著改善行人-AV通信和信任.
- 影响感知清晰度和人类相似性的设计元素对于有效的eHMI开发至关重要.
- 未来的自动驾驶汽车应该包含直观的eHMI,以促进与行人更安全,更自信的互动.
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