素调整收缩性和调节屏障功能在Rho爆发中介紧接口重塑期间
Zie Craig1, Torey R Arnold1, Kelsey Walworth1
1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Molecular biology of the cell
|January 22, 2025
概括
素蛋白对于修复细胞屏障泄漏至关重要,它通过调节RhoA活性和在紧密的结点上的actomyosin收缩来修复细胞屏障泄漏. 它的缺失损害了连接点的维修和屏障维护.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 细胞-细胞结,特别是紧密结,需要动态重塑,以在细胞形状变化期间保持屏障功能.
- 已经确定了一种涉及局部,短暂的RhoA激活 (Rho爆发) 的快速紧接点修复途径,促进了由actomyosin介导的接点重塑以修复泄漏.
- 结节延长通过流入和p115RhoGEF招募作用于RhoA激活的机械触发器,但RhoA活性和肌II收缩性的调节机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究脚手架蛋白质阿尼林在紧密结合修复过程中调节RhoA活性和actomyosin收缩性的作用.
- 阐明Anillin如何影响Rho火焰的动态及其对连接完整性和屏障功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用淘汰模型来评估阿尼林耗对Rho爆发特征和下游信号的影响.
- 量化了对Rho爆发的安尼林局部化,并测量了RhoA活性,F-actin和Myosin II积累.
- 评估了阿尼林倒置对紧节修复效率和压力下屏障完整性的功能后果.
主要成果:
- 亚尼林局部化到Rho爆发并调节RhoA活动和actomyosin收缩.
- 氨酸倒置导致更强烈但更短的Rho爆发,F-actin和Myosin II积累减少.
- 这导致节点收缩的减少,紧密的节点断裂的加强受损,以及对损坏的屏障保护受到损害.
结论:
- 素通过调整RhoA信号传递和actomyosin收缩性,在紧接点修复中发挥着新的调节作用.
- 对RhoA的阿尼林依赖性调节对于有效修复紧接口泄漏和维持上皮屏障功能的有效修复至关重要.
- 这些发现突出了阿尼林作为细胞对屏障损伤和重塑反应的关键调解者.
相关概念视频
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.5K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.5K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
2.6K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
2.6K
The Contractile Ring
6.3K
Contractile rings are composed of microfilaments and are responsible for separating the daughter cells during cytokinesis. Contractile ring assembly proceeds along with other cell cycle events; however, very few mechanistic details are known about the timing and coordination of the contractile rings with the cell cycle.
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
6.3K
Cell Motility through Blebbing
1.9K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
1.9K
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
2.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.3K
Tight Junctions
5.2K
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
5.2K


