在基于生物安全的水产养殖繁殖计划中,通过环境相互作用克服基因型的基因组选择策略
Ziyi Kang1,2,3, Jie Kong1,2, Qi Li3
1State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE
|January 23, 2025
概括
在基于生物安全的育种方案中,基因组选择减轻了遗传收益损失,特别是当基因型与环境相互作用很强时. 建议对每个家庭的50个个体进行基因定型,以尽量减少损失.
科学领域:
- 水产养殖遗传学 水产养殖遗传学
- 动物繁殖 动物繁殖
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 基于家庭的选择性育种计划使用家庭内部和家庭间的选择.
- 基于生物安全的育种方案 (BS) 可能会通过环境相互作用 (G × E) 来减少因基因型而产生的遗传收益.
- 基因组选择有可能通过利用家族内部变异来提高遗传收益.
研究的目的:
- 评估L. vannamei的遗传收益和BS中的G × E. 体重.
- 评估测试组 (TG) 和选择组 (SG) 的选择性基因型化策略.
- 调查G × E水平对育种计划的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用随机模拟来建模遗传收益和G × E.
- 基于生物安全的育种计划 (BS) 与非生物安全的育种计划 (NBS) 的比较.
- 在商业环境 (CE) 中对TG进行多样化的选择性基因造型,在核繁殖中心 (NE) 中进行SG.
主要成果:
- 在BS中遗传收益的损失在基于血统的选择中从9.4%到38.9%不等,在更强的G × E时恶化.
- 基因组选择,特别是极端TG个体的选择性基因型定型,抵消了遗传收益损失.
- 在基因相关性为0.8时,基因定型20个SG个体实现了93.2%的NBS增益;在0.5.5以下的相关性需要超过50个个体.
结论:
- 基因组选择有效地弥补了由G × E引起的BS中的遗传收益损失.
- 基因型的SG个体数量和G × E水平显著影响额外的遗传收益.
- 在BS计划中监测G × E和基因型50个SG个体,以最大限度地减少损失,除非G × E很低.
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