肌肉衍生的细胞外囊泡介导骨肌肉与其他器官之间的交叉交互
Jiajie Jia1,2, Lu Wang1,2, Yue Zhou2
1National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|January 23, 2025
概括
骨肌衍生的细胞外囊泡 (SKM-EVs) 是关键的沟通器,影响肌肉功能,修复和新陈代谢. 这些囊泡会影响多个器官,并有可能治疗2型糖尿病等慢性疾病.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 骨肌肉 (SKM) 被认为是一种内分泌器官,通过细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 分泌生物活性分子.
- 由SKM衍生的EVs (SKM-EVs) 调解细胞间通信,携带各种货物,如脂质,蛋白质和核酸.
- 电动体,特别是外体,在细胞间信号传递中至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查电动汽车的生物特征,组成和吸收,重点关注SKM-EVs.
- 总结SKM-EVs对肌肉发育,肌肉修复,再生和代谢调节的调节作用.
- 探索SKM-EVs对骨,心血管,脂肪和神经系统的影响,以及它们在慢性疾病中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对SKM-EVs现有研究的文献综述.
- 对SKM-EVs的组成和货物的分析.
- 对SKM-EVs对各种器官和疾病状态的影响的综合证据.
主要成果:
- SKM-EVs调节肌肉发育,肌肉修复,再生和新陈代谢.
- SKM-EVs影响骨,心血管,脂肪和神经系统的功能.
- SKM-EVs与2型糖尿病,全身炎症和其他慢性疾病有关.
结论:
- SKM-EVs是重要的细胞间通讯器,具有广泛的生理和病理影响.
- SKM-EVs代表了有前途的治疗点和慢性疾病的诊断生物标志物.
- 需要进一步的研究才能充分理解SKM-EV在细胞间通信中的复杂机制.
相关概念视频
Overview of Skeletal Muscle
11.5K
Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
11.5K
Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
12.9K
Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
12.9K
Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
11.7K
The connective tissues play a significant role in arranging the muscle fibers into a hierarchical structure that forms a complete muscle. Consider a muscle like the bicep brachii, commonly called the bicep. This muscle comprises thousands of muscle fibers enclosed by a protective layer of connective tissue called the endomysium. The endomysium is primarily composed of reticular fibers, a type of thin collagen fiber. It allows the exchange of nutrients and waste products at the fiber level,...
11.7K
Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
88.2K
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
88.2K
Paracrine Signaling
54.7K
Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
54.7K
Cross-bridge Cycle
116.7K
As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
116.7K


