以优化方式回收电子废物,通过浸回收铜,以及对达卡市电子废物产生和管理的案例研究
Kaniz Fatema1, Md Niamul Hassan1, Sanjida Hasan1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Heliyon
|January 23, 2025
概括
本研究提出了一种基于铁的环保解决方案,用于从电子废物 (电子废物) 中回收铜. 该方法实现了72.69%的回收率,为贵金属提取提供了比危险化学洗更安全的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 由于广泛采用电子设备,电子废物 (电子废物) 的产生正在迅速增加,这带来了严重的环境和健康风险.
- 现有的从电子垃圾中回收有价值金属的方法,如皇家水浸,是有效的,但具有高度腐蚀性和危险性.
- 对于电子废物回收和金属回收来说,有必要采取更安全,更可持续,更环保的方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和优化一种新的,环保的铁基液解决方案,以有效地从电子废物中回收铜.
- 将拟议方法的有效性与传统的危险化学洗技术进行比较.
- 在现实世界回收环境中评估开发的铜回收工艺的经济可行性和环境影响.
主要方法:
- 印刷电路板 (PCB) 的实验性处理,在不同时间段使用不同度的基于铁的浸溶液.
- 通过系统地改变溶液成分和处理时间,优化铜提取.
- 使用Python的SciPy库进行计算建模,以确定最佳过程参数,包括输入材料数量.
主要成果:
- 一种最佳的铁基溶液,50:50的铁和硫酸铁的混合物,在五天内实现了72.69%的铜回收率.
- 计算分析确定了5.92g的PCB作为最大限度地提高铜回收效率的理想输入量.
- 达卡电子垃圾中心的调查显示,每年处理大约1173电子垃圾,预计铜回收的年度收入超过3500万BDT.
结论:
- 与传统方法相比,开发的基于铁的浸解决方案为从电子废物中回收铜提供了更安全,更环保的替代方案.
- 该研究强调了从电子废物中回收铜的重大经济潜力,特别是在人口密集的回收地区.
- 紧急实施更严格的法规,提高公众意识和采用可持续实践对于减轻电子废物危险和最大限度地回收资源至关重要.
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