时间元认知:直接读取或心理构造? 内观反应时间的案例
Nathalie Pavailler1, Wim Gevers2, Boris Burle1
1Centre de Recherche en Psychologie et Neurosciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Universite.
Journal of experimental psychology. General
|January 23, 2025
概括
研究人员探索了人们如何估计自己的心理过程持续时间. 研究结果显示,个人可以访问决策和运动执行时间,但非时间线索可以偏向这些内观反应时间 (iRT) 判断.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 超认知 (Metacognition) 是一种表认知.
- 心理物理学的精神物理.
背景情况:
- 了解元认知需要知道哪些心理过程可用于主观评估.
- 反应时间 (RT) 对于研究认知的时间动态至关重要.
- 内观反应时间 (iRT) 为元认知提供了二次计时方法.
研究的目的:
- 调查内观反应时间 (iRT) 在元认知判断中的基础.
- 为了确定参与者的iRT是否准确地反映了潜在的认知和运动过程的持续时间.
- 检查影响iRT的潜在偏差,超出时间信息.
主要方法:
- 使用视觉选择反应时间任务的两个实验.
- 每次试验后,参与者在视觉模拟尺度上报告了他们的反应时间 (RT).
- 电肌图 (EMG) 用于将RT分成前运动和运动部件.
主要成果:
- 强烈的试验对试验RT和iRT之间的相关性表明参与者可以访问RT持续时间.
- 线性回归分析揭示了受实验条件影响的iRT系统偏差.
- 电肌图证实了对决策 (前运动) 和运动执行时间的访问.
结论:
- 参与者表现出能够访问他们认知和运动过程的持续时间的能力.
- 对持续时间的元认知判断可能会受到非时间线索的偏见.
- 使用的方法成功地将时间读数与iRT的潜在偏差分开.
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