环境空气污染和慢性阻塞性肺病:多民族队列研究
Sungshim Lani Park1, Daphne Lichtensztajn2, Juan Yang2
1Population Sciences in the Pacific Program (Cancer Epidemiology), University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|January 23, 2025
概括
长期暴露于空气污染,特别是氧化,与慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 风险增加有关. 这些风险在少数民族和那些社会经济地位较低的社区中更高.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 虽然吸烟是主要的风险因素,但长期空气污染对COPD风险的影响尚未完全理解,特别是在不同的人群中.
- 很少有研究研究了空气污染在COPD中的作用,同时对少数群体和社会经济多样性群体的吸烟史和其他风险因素进行控制.
研究的目的:
- 调查环境空气污染暴露与患COPD的风险之间的关联.
- 为了评估这些协会在加利福尼亚州的一个多民族队伍,考虑各种空气污染物.
- 探索基于种族,种族,性别,吸烟状况和社区社会经济状况的子组差异.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自多民族队列研究 (38,654名参与者) 的数据的考克斯比例危险回归.
- 环境空气污染物的评估暴露,包括颗粒物 (PM2.5,PM10),二氧化 (NO2),一氧化碳 (CO),臭氧 (O3),和超细颗粒 (UFPs).
- 根据种族/种族,性别,基线吸烟状况和社区社会经济地位 (SES) 进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 在氧化 (NOx) 暴露和慢性肺炎风险之间发现了显著的积极关联 (HR=1.45每50人).
- 其他相关污染物 (NO2,PM2.5,PM10,CO,UFP) 的关联显示出类似的趋势.
- 这些关联在非洲裔美国人,拉丁裔和日裔美国人中观察到,但在白人参与者中没有,在低SES社区和少数群体中效果更强.
结论:
- 长期暴露于环境空气污染物与COPD风险增加有显著的关联.
- 空气污染和COPD风险之间的关联在多民族老年人群中很明显.
- 种族/民族差异和社会经济地位影响空气污染对COPD风险的影响.
关键词:
碳排放污染 环境空气污染
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