口服预防性抗生素对诊断性支气管镜检查的有效性:全国数据库研究
Tomohiro Akaba1,2, Taisuke Jo1, Jun Suzuki3
1Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|January 23, 2025
概括
在没有传染病的患者中,预防性抗生素可能会在诊断支气管镜检查后减少感染. 这一发现表明了潜在的益处,但建议仔细考虑患者个人资料和抗生素选择.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 临床药理学 临床药理学
背景情况:
- 当前的指导方针往往忽略了诊断支气管镜检查的常规抗生素预防.
- 这一建议是基于较旧的研究,样本大小有限.
- 最近的进展对这些准则的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估是否口服预防性抗生素可以减少接受非传染性疾病手术的患者的支气管镜术后感染.
- 评估抗生素预防在当前临床环境中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用日本诊断程序组合数据库 (2020年4月-2022年3月) 进行的一项大规模回顾性研究.
- 包括68,660名接受诊断支气管镜检查的患者.
- 统计分析包括治疗权重的倾向评分稳定反向概率和仪器变量分析.
主要成果:
- 预防性抗生素组 (n=10,426) 显示,与没有预防的组 (n=58,234) 相比,支气管镜检查后感染率明显较低 (总体为0.89%).
- 倾向性得分加权 (OR,0.60) 和仪器变量分析 (OR,0.50) 证实了这一减少.
- 在老年患者,患有恶性瘤的患者以及经过活检或支气管支气管洗等特定程序后,注意到了益处.
结论:
- 预防性抗生素在非传染性疾病患者的支气管镜检查后感染的减少方面发挥了潜在的作用.
- 个体患者的因素和特定的抗生素选择在进行预防时需要仔细考虑.
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