在免疫功能低下的患者中,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种传染性病毒泄漏的持续时间
Kohei Kamegai1, Naoya Itoh2, Masahiro Ishikane1
1Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan.
概括
患有COVID-19的严重免疫功能低下的患者更长时间地流失传染性病毒,特别是那些接受B细胞枯竭治疗的人. 对这些人来说,密切监测病毒分泌是非常重要的. (33个单词) 的意思.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫功能低下的患者
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 关于2019年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 免疫力低下患者的病毒流失持续时间和脱隔离标准存在不确定性.
- 欧米克朗变异对该群体病毒传播的影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估感染严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron变种的免疫功能低下患者的病毒泄露的持续时间.
- 评估免疫状况与病毒泄漏持续时间之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及41名免疫功能低下的患者 (血液性恶性瘤,固体瘤,自身免疫性疾病,艾滋病病毒) 在两个日本三级医疗中心.
- 对病毒RNA和传染性病毒泄露 (培养阳性) 进行序列鼻拭子采集和分析.
- 根据日本国家指导方针,将患者分为严重或中度免疫受损组.
主要成果:
- 病毒RNA检测到87.2%的样本来自严重免疫功能低下的患者和75.0%来自中度免疫功能低下的患者.
- 在36.2%和35.3%的样本中,分别观察到传染性病毒脱落 (培养阳性).
- 两名接受B细胞枯竭治疗的严重免疫缺陷患者在20日后具有培养阳性样本;中度免疫缺陷患者在10日后没有表现出传染性分泌.
结论:
- 严重免疫功能低下的患者,特别是那些接受B细胞枯竭治疗的患者,可能会表现出 SARS-CoV-2 的长期传染性病毒分泌.
- 建议对严重免疫功能低下的COVID-19患者进行密切监测,以指导脱离隔离策略.
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