全球空气污染和五岁以下儿童的营养不良
Rozhan Khezri1, Sepideh Jahanian2, Mitra Gholami3,4
1Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Scientific reports
|January 23, 2025
概括
五岁以下的营养不良儿童面临PM2.5空气污染的更高风险. 这项全球性研究发现,在颗粒物暴露较大和发展指数较低的地区,浪费和发育迟缓的发生率增加.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 全球公共卫生 全球公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 营养不良,特别是五岁以下儿童的消耗和衰老,是全球关键的健康问题.
- 暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 空气污染是一个日益严重的环境问题,可能会对健康产生影响.
- 了解这些因素之间的相互作用对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查五岁以下儿童营养不良 (消耗和发育迟缓) 与暴露于PM2.5空气污染之间的全球相关性.
- 确定与儿童营养不良相关的其他重要因素,如人类发展指数 (HDI) 和社会人口指数 (SDI).
- 为空气质量与儿童营养不良之间的关系提供全球视角.
主要方法:
- 使用了生态研究设计,分析了来自123个国家的数据.
- 多重线性回归分析被用来确定与浪费和衰老相关的因素.
- 使用分散图形可视化营养不良患病率与PM2.5暴露,HDI和SDI相关.
主要成果:
- 在5岁以下的儿童中,更高的消耗率与增加的PM2.5暴露 (R2=0.13,p<0.001),较低的HDI (R2=0.20,p<0.001) 和较低的SDI (R2=0.16,p=0.005) 相关.
- 发育迟缓的更高患病率也与增加的PM2.5暴露 (R2=0.07,p=0.003),较低的HDI (R2=0.54,p<0.003) 和较低的SDI (R2=0.52,p=0.005) 相关.
- 多变量分析证实了消耗和PM2.5暴露之间的正相关性 (β=0.06,p=0.003) 和与HDI (β=-10.3,p<0.001) 的反相关性. 发育迟缓与HDI (β=-44,p<0.003) 有着显著的关联.
结论:
- 儿童消耗,PM2.5暴露和HDI之间存在显著的关系.
- 增加对PM2.5空气污染的暴露与五岁以下儿童营养不良的更高率相关.
- 需要进一步的研究来证实这些关联,并为全球儿童健康战略提供信息.
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