非洲五岁以下儿童死亡率和社会决定因素:系统审查
Israel C Avelino1, Joaquim Van-Dúnem2, Luís Varandas3,4,5
1Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. a21001355@ihmt.unl.pt.
European journal of pediatrics
|January 23, 2025
概括
降低非洲五岁以下儿童死亡率需要解决贫困问题并改善母亲教育. 改善获得初级医疗保健的机会对于该地区儿童生存至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 撒哈拉以南非洲地区的五岁以下儿童死亡率是由传染病,营养不良和医疗保健基础设施不足所驱动的.
- 贫困和母亲教育等社会经济因素是高儿童死亡率的关键决定因素.
- 莫斯利和陈的框架将决定因素分为远程,中间和近接因子.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查影响非洲五岁以下儿童死亡率的因素.
- 专注于社会人口统计学和与健康相关的决定因素.
- 确定干预的关键领域,以减少儿童死亡率.
主要方法:
- 在遵守PRISMA指南的基础上进行系统审查.
- 使用关键字和布尔运算符搜索索引的学术数据库.
- 包括2013年1月至2024年11月的英语,葡萄牙语或西班牙语文章.
- 使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所工具评估方法质量.
主要成果:
- 在602项确定的研究中,有39项符合纳入标准.
- 关键的决定因素包括贫困,母亲的教育,极端的母亲年龄,多夫多妻制,不充分的产前护理和低出生体重.
- 社会经济条件,母亲的教育和医疗保健的获取相互作用,影响儿童的生存率.
结论:
- 解决社会差异,特别是母亲教育,对于降低五岁以下儿童死亡率至关重要.
- 改善获得初级医疗保健的机会对于儿童生存至关重要.
- 针对社会和医疗保健因素的有针对性的干预措施对于减轻非洲儿童死亡率至关重要.
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