人类牙纤维干细胞的功能差异化成表现出电生理活动的神经元类细胞
B Pardo-Rodríguez1, A M Baraibar2,3,4, I Manero-Roig1,5
1Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, 48940, Spain.
Stem cell research & therapy
|January 24, 2025
概括
人类牙纤维干细胞 (hDPSCs) 可以在没有遗传修饰的情况下分化为功能神经元类细胞. 优化培养方案,特别是避免胎儿血清,增强了它们用于神经组织工程的潜力.
科学领域:
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 组织工程是组织工程.
背景情况:
- 人类牙纸干细胞 (hDPSCs) 是中枢神经系统 (CNS) 细胞治疗的有前途来源.
- hDPSCs可以在没有遗传修饰的情况下分化为分泌神经保护因子的神经细胞.
- 目前的分化协议需要改进,特别是关于消除胎儿动物血清.
研究的目的:
- 改进现有的区分hDPSCs成神经元类细胞的协议.
- 为了研究初始扩张期间血清缺失对神经差异化的影响.
- 为了完善hDPSCs的ex vivo分化协议,避免胎儿血清.
主要方法:
- 在初始扩张过程中与没有胎儿血清的hDPSC差异化比较.
- 使用视网膜酸 (RA) 和化 (KCl) 脉冲增强神经差异化.
- 使用免疫光学,形态测量,RT-qPCR和电生理学来表征差异化的细胞.
主要成果:
- 扩张期间血清缺席影响了神经标记物的表达 (Nestin,GFAP,S100β,p75NTR).
- 没有血清的hDPSC球形培养导致神经元标记物的体外表达 (DCX, NeuN, Ankyrin-G, MAP2).
- 差异化的hDPSC表现出功能激发性,包括电压关闭的离子通道电流和自发动作潜力.
结论:
- hDPSCs可以分化为功能神经元类细胞,具有神经组织工程的潜力.
- 优化的培养方案,特别是无血清方法,对于hDPSC神经分化成功至关重要.
- 这些发现凸显了可访问的hDPSC在再生医学应用中的实用性.
相关概念视频
01:31Neuron Structure
Overview
01:30Neuron Structure
Neurons are the main type of cell in the nervous system that generate and transmit electrochemical signals. They primarily communicate with each other using neurotransmitters at specific junctions called synapses. Neurons come in many shapes that often relate to their function, but most share three main structures: an axon and dendrites that extend out from a cell body.
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to cellular...
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to cellular...
01:28Electrical Synapses
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
01:13Cell Diversity
The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
Multicellular organisms...
Multicellular organisms...
01:19Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types
Neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system, can be classified based on both their structural and functional characteristics.
Structurally, neurons are categorized into three main types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar (or pseudounipolar). Multipolar neurons, which are the most common type in the brain and spinal cord, as well as all motor neurons, possess multiple dendrites and a single axon.
Bipolar neurons, on the other hand, have one primary dendrite and one axon. They are...
Structurally, neurons are categorized into three main types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar (or pseudounipolar). Multipolar neurons, which are the most common type in the brain and spinal cord, as well as all motor neurons, possess multiple dendrites and a single axon.
Bipolar neurons, on the other hand, have one primary dendrite and one axon. They are...
01:28Neuronal Communication
Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...