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人类起源的H3N2流感病毒在猪群中的新发现,智利

Belen Monserrat Agüero¹, Naomi Ariyama¹, Felipe Berrios¹

¹Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Frontiers in veterinary science

|January 24, 2025

概括

2023年,在智利的猪群中发现了两种人类起源的新型流感A病毒 (IAV) H3N2株. 这些发现强调需要加强猪群的监测和生物安全,以防止进一步的病毒进化和传播.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
动物传染病监测动物传染病监测
分子流行病学分子流行病学

背景情况:

猪是A型流感病毒 (IAV) 进化和重新分类的关键储存库,构成全球动物和公共卫生风险.
智利的猪以前经历过H1N2,H3N2和H1N1pdm09流感病毒的引入,通过反向动物病变事件.
在动物群体中持续监测A型流感病毒对于了解病毒动态和预防大流行至关重要.

研究的目的:

报告在2023年期间在智利猪群中检测和描述人类起源的新型H3N2流感A病毒的引入情况.
调查新发现的猪H3N2菌株与当代人类季节性H3N2病毒之间的遗传关系.
评估这些新型猪流感菌株的重新分类潜力和进化轨迹.

主要方法:

从猪和人类分离的流感A病毒基因段的家族遗传学分析.
新型猪流感A病毒菌株的全基因组测序.
对比基因组分析以确定重新分类事件和遗传相关性.

主要成果:

在2023年,在智利猪群中发现了两种不同的人类起源H3N2流感A病毒的引入.
新的猪H3N2菌株与最近的人类季节性H3N2病毒有密切的遗传联系.
一个猪分离是一种重新分类病毒,含有来自人类H3N2和当地H1N2菌株的基因,表明猪种群中的快速适应和重新分类.
在来自美国的全球流感A病毒序列中观察到类似的重新分类模式,证实了当前人类H3N2菌株的逆转动物感染潜力.

结论:

这些发现突显了当前季节性人类H3N2流感A病毒的显著反向动物感染潜力,在猪中成功建立和重新分类.
持续的监测和加强猪场生物安全措施对于减轻与这些新出现的动物传染性病毒相关的风险至关重要.
需要进一步的研究,以了解这些新型重组病毒对猪健康的全部影响及其对公共健康的潜在影响.

关键词:

流感A型病毒感染者猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪监控监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪动物性疾病是动物性疾病.

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