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童年多语言体验的神经发育动态:一个纵向的行为,结构和功能MRI研究

Pasquale Anthony Della Rosa^1,2, Gerda Videsott³, Virginia Maria Borsa⁴

¹Department of Neuroradiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.

|January 24, 2025

概括

儿童的多语言学重塑大脑,影响执行注意力和认知控制网络. 早期的多语言体验推动神经适应和专业化在关键的大脑区域,如背部前带带皮质 / 前补充区域和左尾状.

科学领域:

神经生物学神经生物学神经生物学
发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
认知神经科学认知神经科学

背景情况:

一个全面的神经生物学框架的多语言发展需要纵向数据,考虑大脑的限制,并评估全球能力.
这项研究调查了由于多语种的执行注意力的早期变化和相关的正面-状神经结构.

研究的目的:

检查多语言能力如何影响执行注意力控制机制.
识别与多语种相关的前额状系统的早期结构和功能性大脑变化.

主要方法:

纵向神经成像和功能连接分析在两年内进行.
一小群多语言儿童参与了这项研究.

主要成果:

背部前带带状皮质/前补充区域 (dACC/preSMA) 显示多语言能力的功能影响,但还没有结构性适应.
左尾状体表现出由多语言经验驱动的发育影响,适应和专业化.
增加的多语言能力加强了认知控制网络中的功能连接,包括dACC/preSMA,左尾状,右下额头,双侧下顶叶片.

结论:

多语言能力显著影响儿童时期的大脑适应和专业化.
研究结果提供了对经验预期和经验依赖的大脑可塑性的见解.
结果突出了多语言与神经发育之间的相互作用,指导了未来的研究.

关键词:

童年的童年童年的童年认知认知认知在纵向的长度上.多语言主义多语言主义.神经成像是一种神经成像.

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