中老年和老年人的孤独:社会环境的影响
Inna Murtazina1, Kristina Krupina1, Olga Strizhitskaya1
1Faculty of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 24, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了一般的孤独预测家庭和非家庭的孤独. 它还增加了社会不确定性,并影响了积极的关系,突出了孤独感.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 孤独是一种普遍的主观状态,与痛苦和心理社会功能受损有关.
- 现有的研究主要针对一般的孤独,仅限于多维方面和特定领域的变化.
- 社交互动是不同生活领域孤独的关键决定因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查一般和特定领域的孤独 (家庭和非家庭) 之间的联系.
- 检查不同类型的孤独与社会环境特征之间的关系.
- 探索社会性和自给自足对孤独经验的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者:140名年龄在45-73岁之间的成年人 (58.9%为女性).
- 措施:孤独经验的多维目录,社会和情感孤独量表 (SELSA-S),社会性自给自足问卷,人口评估.
- 分析:回归路径建模用于测试假设.
主要成果:
- 一般的孤独是家庭和非家庭孤独的重要预测因素.
- 一般的孤独积极预测了社会不确定性,而非家庭孤独则负面预测了与他人之间的积极关系.
- 没有观察到显著的年龄影响;然而,性别差异出现了社会不确定性和积极关系.
结论:
- 孤独是一种复杂的,多维的现象,具有独特的特定领域的表现.
- 了解一般和特定领域孤独之间的相互作用对于解决心理社会福祉至关重要.
- 社会环境的特征,如社会不确定性和积极的关系,受到各种形式的孤独的不同影响.
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