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成年人疫苗接种后过敏症:系统性审查和元分析
Flavia Pennisi1,2, Anna Carole D'Amelio2, Rita Cuciniello2
1PhD National Programme in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Vaccines
|January 24, 2025
概括
成年人接种疫苗后的过敏反应很少见,总体事件率为每10万人中2.91. 发病率因疫苗类型而异,凸显了持续安全监测的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 临床医学 临床医学
背景情况:
- 疫苗是重要的公共卫生工具,但罕见的不良反应,如过敏反应可能会发生.
- 接种疫苗后的过敏反应在成年人中,不包括COVID-19疫苗,没有充分记录.
- 这项研究解决了成年人非COVID-19疫苗接种后过敏反应的报道不足的发病率.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对成年人接种疫苗后过敏反应的发病率进行元分析.
- 估计成年人群中不同疫苗类型的过敏反应事件率.
- 为了确定潜在的较高或较低的相关过敏反应率的疫苗.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science) 进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括使用非COVID-19疫苗接种的成年人 (≥18岁) 的研究,遵守PRISMA 2020指南.
- 随机效应和固定效应模型用于元分析,以计算事件率.
主要成果:
- 该元分析包括了22项研究,涉及超过2.6亿名参与者.
- 估计每10万名受试者中总体过敏反应事件率为2.91.
- 流感疫苗的病例数量较多,而Td/Tdap疫苗的病例报告率最低.
结论:
- 成年人接种疫苗后的过敏反应是不常见的,但根据所使用的疫苗显示出变化.
- 加强监测和准备对于迅速的过敏反应管理至关重要.
- 保持公众对疫苗接种计划的信任需要强有力的安全监测.
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