患有自闭症谱系障碍的中国幼儿园儿童的叙述:与典型发育的儿童进行比较
Chengqi He1, Shoko Miyamoto2, Yu Lin3
1Graduate School of Human Comprehensive Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Clinical linguistics & phonetics
|January 24, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的幼儿表现出典型的叙事长度和语言技能. 然而,他们与故事语法和组织等宏观结构叙事能力扎,这表明需要有针对性的干预.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言分析语言分析
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 呈现出各种语言能力,需要精确的评估工具.
- 叙事分析是评估ASD儿童语言技能的一个关键方法.
- 了解微观和宏观结构的叙述差异对于ASD早期干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查ASD的普通话儿童的微观和宏观结构叙事技能.
- 为了比较ASD儿童和典型发育 (TD) 同龄人之间的叙事能力.
- 确定ASD幼儿叙事缺陷的特定领域.
主要方法:
- 一组19名有自闭症儿童的普通话儿童和19名年龄相匹配的TD儿童参与了这项研究.
- 通过叙述评估协议 (NAP-2) 使用无字图书收集叙述样本.
- 分析包括故事长度,语言特征 (例如,发言长度,词汇多样性) 和NAP-2分数.
主要成果:
- 在ASD和TD组之间,在故事长度或微结构语言表现方面没有发现显著差异.
- 患有自闭症的儿童在整体NAP-2分数,故事语法和讲故事惯例上得分明显较低.
- 在患有自闭症儿童的宏观结构叙事技能中观察到重大挑战.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的幼儿表现出类似的叙事微观结构,但在宏观结构上存在显著的缺陷.
- 组织情节性结构的困难凸显了ASD干预的关键领域.
- 专注于宏观叙述技能的有针对性的干预措施对于患有自闭症的儿童至关重要.
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