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在运动任务中优化激活后性能提升:对处方变量和研究方法的元分析进行系统审查

Kai Xu¹, Anthony J Blazevich², Daniel Boullosa^3,4,5

¹School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 200, Henren Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.

Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)

|January 24, 2025

概括

激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 显示出小效应,通常受一般热身 (GW) 综合性和参与者训练的影响. 研究中的方法限制意味着需要未来的研究来澄清PAPE.

科学领域:

体育科学运动科学运动科学
运动生理学运动生理学
绩效提升提高绩效的方法

背景情况:

激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 被认为是急剧提高运动表现的.
PAPE和一般升温 (GW) 效应之间的区别仍然不清楚.
现有的PAPE研究往往具有方法上的局限性.

研究的目的:

分析研究方法如何影响PAPE结果.
以比较方法,绩效指标,GW全面性,恢复时间,参与者特征和调节活动 (CA) 参数来研究PAPE.
根据元分析结果,为未来的PAPE实验设计提供建议.

主要方法:

一项对62项同行评审的英语语言研究的元分析,涉及1039名参与者.
用修改的柯克兰和PEDro尺度评估偏差风险;用GRADE评估证据的确定性.
三级元分析,子组分析和元回归探索了PAPE大小的调节因素.

主要成果:

在条件化活动 (CA) 之前和之后发现了微不足道的PAPE效应 (ES=0.12),与对照组相比,发现了小效应 (ES=0.30).
与综合性 GW 相比,非综合性 GW (ES=0.16) 的 PAPE 幅度更高 (ES=0.01).
在具有较长训练经验 (ES=0.36),更高训练水平 (ES=0.38) 和女性 (ES=0.51) 的参与者中观察到更大的PAPE效应. 压力测量运动 (ES=0.42) 显示了比抵抗运动 (ES=0.23) 更大的PAPE.

结论:

虽然汇总结果显示了显著的PAPE改善,但广泛的预测间隔表明未来的研究可能会产生负面结果.
PAPE的大小受到GW全面性,恢复时间,参与者的性别,训练状态和CA类型的影响.
方法论严谨对于准确的PAPE评估至关重要,并提出实验设计以指导未来的研究.

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