在三年级和四年级学生的算术单词问题解决和句子理解之间,有明确的行为和大脑反应概况
Chan-Tat Ng1, Xin-Yu Chen1, Ting-Ting Chang1,2
1Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
The European journal of neuroscience
|January 24, 2025
概括
在儿童中解决算术单词问题 (AWPs) 涉及不同的大脑电路,主要是在前端-岛屿-双侧网络. 这与成年人形成鲜明对比,显示神经参与数学问题解决的发育转变.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 词题对于应用数学技能至关重要,但它们在儿童的神经基础尚不清楚.
- 了解孩子如何解决算术单词问题 (AWPs) 和非算术单词问题 (NWPs) 对于教育至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究儿童算术单词问题解决的认知和神经机制.
- 为了比较儿童在AWP和NWP期间的大脑活动,并与成人模式进行对比.
- 识别词语问题解决的神经基质中的发展轨迹.
主要方法:
- 利用神经成像 (fMRI) 来检查解决AWP和NWP的儿童的大脑反应.
- 比较行为表现 (阅读理解,算术流) 与神经激活模式.
- 儿童的发现与现有的成年人有关类似任务的数据相反.
主要成果:
- AWP的表现与阅读理解和算术流性相关;NWP的表现仅与阅读理解相关.
- 在儿童中,AWP溶解激活了前面的胰岛,中间的额头,以及内侧.
- 儿童对AWP表现出更大的前额活化,而成年人则表现出更多的后额外参与,与不同的大脑行为联系.
结论:
- 在儿童中,算术单词问题解决涉及专业的前端-岛屿-平行电路.
- 在AWP解决过程中,从童年到成年期,从正面参与到顶层参与的发育转变发生.
- 这些发现为理解发育差异提供了神经学的基础,并为教育干预提供了信息.
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