探索先天性心脏病儿童的健康教育干预措施:范围审查
Neda Barbazi1, Ji Youn Shin1, Gurumurthy Hiremath2
1Department of Design Innovation, College of Design, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
JMIR pediatrics and parenting
|January 24, 2025
概括
对患有先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的儿童进行健康教育对于慢性病管理至关重要. 本次审查强调了需要适合年龄的,有吸引力的干预措施,特别是对于13岁以下的人来说,以改善健康素养和结果.
科学领域:
- 儿童心脏病学 儿童心脏病学
- 卫生教育卫生教育教育
- 患者赋权是患者赋权的一种方式.
背景情况:
- 在美国,先天性心脏病 (CHD) 是最常见的出生缺陷,需要终身管理和教育.
- 儿童心血管疾病的有效管理取决于他们对疾病的理解,强调需要有针对性的健康素养干预措施.
- 当前的教育方法往往忽视了年幼儿童的具体需求,特别是13岁以下的儿童.
研究的目的:
- 为患有先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的儿童系统地绘制和分析现有的健康教育干预措施.
- 确定干预类型,目标人群,交付方法和结果,以告知未来的研究和实践.
- 巩固分散的研究,并确定目前关于CHD健康教育的文献中的差距.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-ScR框架,在2024年2月进行了全面的范围审查.
- 搜索跨越了医疗保健,设计和人机交互学科的多个数据库.
- 包括11项以英语出版的研究 (9项RCT,2项观察性),重点关注心脏病儿童教育干预的初级数据.
主要成果:
- 确定了六种教育策略:3D模型,习惯形成,赋权计划,康复,网络门户和录像带.
- 干预措施的持续时间 (短到1.5年) 和随访时间 (0-24个月) 不同,主要针对青少年 (13+) 和他们的父母.
- 关键成果包括改善健康素养,减少家长负担,提高医疗保健提供者的效率,问卷是主要的评估工具.
结论:
- 对于患有心血管疾病的儿童,特别是13岁以下的儿童,有必要进行量身定制,适合年龄的健康教育干预措施.
- 目前的干预措施往往侧重于青少年,并严重依赖父母的参与,需要转向以儿童为中心的方法.
- 开发有吸引力的干预措施,赋予心血管疾病儿童权力,对于改善他们的长期健康结果和自我管理能力至关重要.
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