植物对抗生物压力的二次代谢物,用于可持续的作物保护
Tanzim Jahan1, Md Nurul Huda1, Kaixuan Zhang1
1State Key Laboratory for Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Key Laboratory for Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Biotechnology advances
|January 24, 2025
概括
植物二次代谢物 (PSM) 增强作物对害虫和疾病的免疫力,为化学农药提供可持续的替代品. 先进的多组学和基因编辑揭示了增强植物防御和粮食安全的途径.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 生物压力威胁全球粮食安全和作物生产率,需要超越化学农药的可持续解决方案.
- 植物衍生二次代谢物 (PSM) 增强植物免疫力,抑制害虫,提供环保的替代品.
- 传统杀虫剂面临着环境影响和害虫耐药性等挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查植物二次代谢物 (PSM) 在增强植物对生物压力的防御中的作用.
- 探索涉及转录因子 (TF) 在PSM生物合成和植物免疫中的调控机制.
- 突出多组学和基因编辑在开发耐压作物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 关于植物二次代谢物,生物应激和植物防御机制的当前文献的综述.
- 分析分子生物学和生物技术的进展,包括多omics方法 (基因组学,转录组学,蛋白质组学,代谢组学).
- 讨论基因编辑技术,如CRISPR/Cas9用于操纵PSM通路.
主要成果:
- PSM激活了由转录因子 (TF) 调节的植物防御通路,如MYB,WRKY和NAC.
- 多omics方法揭示了复杂的监管网络,控制PSM合成和植物对压力的反应.
- 克里斯普尔/Cas9使PSM通路的精确基因修改成为可能,以增强作物耐药性.
结论:
- 了解PSM,TF及其相互作用,为开发抗害虫和抗病作物提供了战略.
- 植物二次代谢物对可持续农业和改善粮食安全至关重要.
- 未来的研究机遇在于代谢工程和利用多组学来提高作物中的生物应激耐受性.
相关概念视频
02:26Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
23.1K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
23.1K
01:56Plant Hormones
23.4K
Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
23.4K
02:22Introduction to Plant Diversity
43.8K
From Water to Land
43.8K
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.8K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.8K
01:22Photosystem II
69.7K
The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
The pigment molecules are arranged across two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
69.7K
02:02Responses to Salt Stress
13.0K
Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
13.0K