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单细胞转录组揭示了三种类型的脂肪细胞,与猪的肌肉内脂肪含量相关

Jing Xu¹, Hao Peng¹, Renzhuo Kuang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.

|January 24, 2025

概括

研究人员在猪肌肉中发现了三种新的脂肪细胞类型,揭示了肌肉内脂肪含量和肉质的洞察力. 这些发现提供了对哺乳动物脂肪细胞多样性和基因调节的更深入的理解.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
基因组学就是基因组学.
细胞生物学细胞生物学

背景情况:

肌内脂肪 (IMF) 显著影响猪的骨肌肉和肉质量.
了解IMF的细胞组成和遗传调节对于养猪至关重要.
以前的研究在很大程度上忽视了肌肉组织内的特定细胞类型和基因表达特征.

研究的目的:

描述成年猪肌肉组织中的细胞类型和基因表达特征.
识别新的脂肪细胞亚型及其与IMF内容的关系.
研究猪和人类之间脂肪细胞基因调节的遗传机制和保护.

主要方法:

成猪肌肉组织的单细胞转录组分析.
现型分析以将细胞比例与IMF含量相关联.
ATAC-seq和RNA-seq数据的综合分析,以确定基因表达和转录因子丰富.

主要成果:

鉴定了15种不同的细胞类型,包括三个新型脂肪细胞类型:脂肪细胞1,脂肪细胞2和脂肪细胞调节细胞 (Aregs).
这些脂肪细胞的细胞比例与IMF含量有显著的相关性.
脂肪细胞1和Aregs表现出典型的脂肪细胞基因表达和转录因子 (TF) 概况,而脂肪细胞2显示出肌源性TF动机的丰富,表明肌肉细胞起源.
在猪和人类之间的这些脂肪细胞类型中保存了基因表达和TF动机.

结论:

这项研究阐明了哺乳动物肌内脂肪细胞的细胞复杂性.
新型脂肪细胞亚型在调节肌内脂肪沉积和肉质方面发挥作用.
这些发现为脂肪细胞发育和功能的遗传调节提供了关键的见解,对猪和人类生物学都有潜在的影响.

关键词:

适合脂肪的监管机构肌肉内脂肪肌肉内脂肪特定于血统的转录因子猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪猪一个单细胞RNA-seqq.

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