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口腔卫生中的深度学习:通过YOLO框架自动检测牙斑,并使用O'Leary指数进行量化
Alfonso Ramírez-Pedraza1,2, Sebastián Salazar-Colores3, Crystel Cardenas-Valle4
1Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Querétaro 76090, Mexico.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 25, 2025
概括
先进的AI模型现在可以检测牙斑的不同阶段,改善早期口腔疾病干预. 这种自动化方法有望改善口腔健康,特别是在服务不足的地区.
科学领域:
- 口腔健康 口腔健康
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 牙和牙周炎等口腔疾病在全球普遍存在,通常源于牙斑.
- 早期发现斑块阶段对于及时干预和疾病预防至关重要.
- 目前的斑块评估方法通常依赖于手动视觉检查,这可能是主观的,耗时的.
研究的目的:
- 评估最先进的YOLO (You Only Look Once) 对象检测架构的有效性,用于识别牙斑块的三个不同阶段:新,成熟和过度成熟.
- 为了比较不同YOLOv9,YOLOv10和YOLOv11变体在不同成像条件下的斑块检测性能.
- 评估自动斑块检测的潜力,以提高早期诊断和减少口腔疾病的负担.
主要方法:
- 在斑块披露后,使用移动设备收集了来自177个人的531张RGB图像的数据集.
- 图像经过预处理以进行照明和颜色正常化.
- 训练了YOLOv9,YOLOv10和YOLOv11模型来检测和分类斑块阶段,性能指标包括精度,回忆和mAP@50.
主要成果:
- YOLOv11m在0.713的50%IoU (mAP@50) 实现了最高的平均精度,在检测过度成熟的斑块方面表现出卓越的性能.
- 较旧的斑块阶段通常比较新的斑块更准确地检测到,这可能是具有挑战性的,因为它与牙组织的相似性.
- 使用O'Leary指数的分析显示,超过一半的研究参与者有严重的斑块水平.
结论:
- 先进的YOLO模型可用于在各种成像场景中自动检测牙斑.
- 这种人工智能驱动的方法有可能简化临床工作流程,提高早期口腔疾病诊断的准确性.
- 自动化斑块检测可以大大减轻口腔健康问题,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
相关概念视频
01:21Tooth Anatomy
The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
01:26Assessment of the Mouth
A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.