SQM老化和大气条件:它们如何影响夜空亮度测量的长期趋势?
Pietro Fiorentin1, Stefano Cavazzani2,3,4, Andrea Bertolo5
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 25, 2025
概括
大气条件,不仅仅是仪器老化,显著影响夜空亮度 (NSB) 测量. 空气透明度和气溶光学深度 (AOD) 的变化是天空亮度变化的关键驱动因素.
科学领域:
- 天文学和天体物理学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 仪器仪表和测量仪器的使用
背景情况:
- 天空质量计 (SQM) 是监测夜空亮度 (NSB) 的主要传感器,其测量稳定性对于天文观测至关重要.
- 长期NSB监测对于了解光污染和大气透明度至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,SQM测量的潜在偏移,需要对导致因素进行彻底调查.
研究的目的:
- 要区分影响SQM NSB测量的仪器老化和大气变化.
- 量化大气条件,特别是空气透明度和气溶光学深度 (AOD) 对NSB的影响.
- 评估光污染 (LP) 在观察到的NSB趋势中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在意大利和智利,利用太阳作为SQM测量的校准器.
- 在实验室环境中分析了老年SQM的光谱响应.
- 作为大气透明度指标,检查了地面太阳辐射和卫星衍生的AOD.
- 与气象站记录和AOD趋势相关联的NSB数据.
主要成果:
- 仪器老化显示SQM光谱响应的可测量的衰减,但没有完全解释观察到的长期NSB趋势.
- 对太阳辐射和AOD的分析揭示了影响NSB的显著大气变化.
- 在某些情况下,AOD变化解释了超过75%的NSB变化.
- 受到光污染的地点显示天空变暗,辐射量增加,而不受污染的地点显示天空更明亮.
结论:
- 大气条件,特别是气溶光学深度,在驱动夜空亮度变化方面发挥着主导作用,通常会掩盖仪器老化效应.
- 精确的NSB监测需要仔细考虑和纠正大气变化.
- 了解这些因素对于可靠的天文观测和环境监测至关重要.
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