维生素D:基于证据的健康益处和人口指导方针的建议
William B Grant1, Sunil J Wimalawansa2, Pawel Pludowski3
1Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, 1745 Pacific Ave., Ste. 504, San Francisco, CA 94109, USA.
Nutrients
|January 25, 2025
概括
较高的维生素D水平提供了重要的健康益处,不仅仅是骨健康,降低了主要疾病和死亡率的风险. 补充维生素D3可以有效地将水平提高到最佳范围,以改善公共健康.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 目前的维生素D指南主要关注骨健康,忽视了关键的骨外益处.
- 现有的建议往往未能为整体健康确定最佳的维生素D值.
- 随机对照试验 (RCT) 由于研究设计和基线水平,在证明维生素D的全部益处方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出维生素D在肌肉骨健康之外的未被认可的健康益处.
- 强调最佳维生素D水平对骨外健康结果的重要性.
- 倡导更新的指导方针,纳入前性队列研究的发现.
主要方法:
- 对前性队列研究的审查,研究25-氧维生素D [25(OH) D]度与健康结果之间的关联.
- 分析现有的政府和卫生组织关于维生素D的指导方针.
- 关于维生素D补充剂剂量及其对血清水平的影响的证据评估.
主要成果:
- 较高的血清25(OH) D度与较低的重大疾病风险,死亡率和改善妊娠/分娩结果有关.
- 血清水平高于30 ng/mL,与20 ng/mL以下的水平相比,疾病和死亡风险显著降低.
- 每日补充2000 IU维生素D3可以将水平提高到>30 ng/mL,而4000-6000 IU可能提供更大的保护.
结论:
- 维生素D在产前健康,大脑功能,免疫力,癌症预防和心血管健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 目前的指南需要修订,以包括基于观察数据的骨外益处和最佳维生素D值.
- 公共卫生倡议应旨在通过适当的补充策略提高维生素D水平,特别是在缺乏维生素D的人群中.
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