相关实验视频

Updated: May 30, 2025

Determination of DNA Methylation of Imprinted Genes in Arabidopsis Endosperm

Determination of DNA Methylation of Imprinted Genes in Arabidopsis Endosperm

Published on: January 28, 2011

DNA损伤触发了Arabidopsis中DNA甲基化模式的遗传性改变

Jinchao Li¹, Wenjie Liang², Xin-Qiang He³

¹State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.

Molecular plant

|January 26, 2025

概括

DNA损伤,特别是DNA单链断裂与3'阻塞的末端,可以诱导和加强植物的DNA甲基化. 这种DNA损伤诱导的甲基化,特别是对称的DNA甲基化,可能是遗传印记的一种形式.

科学领域:

遗传学是一个遗传学.
分子生物学分子生物学
表观遗传学在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.

背景情况:

假设DNA损伤诱导DNA过甲基化,可能导致致癌.
将DNA损伤与全基因组DNA超甲基化相关联的证据不足.
了解DNA损伤的表观遗传后果对于理解基因组稳定性和进化至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了调查DNA损伤是否可以诱导植物的全基因组DNA超甲基化.
阐明DNA损伤影响DNA甲基化模式的机制.
探索DNA损伤诱导甲基化的功能影响.

主要方法:

在植物中诱导DNA单链断裂与3'受阻端 (DNA 3'块).
使用全基因组二硫酸盐测序对DNA甲基化模式 (CG,CHG,CHH) 的分析.
研究DREAM复合体和RNA导向DNA甲基化 (RdDM) 途径的作用.
评估DNA损伤修复和阻断DNA损伤反应对甲基化模式的影响.

主要成果:

DNA 3' 块强化了现有的 DNA 甲基化,并在通常非甲基化位置诱导了 de novo 甲基化.
CG和CHG高甲基化局部化到基因体,而CHH高甲基化集中在中心/周中心区域.
DNA 3' 块调节了用于CG/CHG甲基化的DREAM复合体和用于CHH甲基化的RdDM通路.
修复DNA损伤或阻止DNA损伤反应取消了CHH过甲基化,并部分挽救了CHG过甲基化,但对CG过甲基化影响很小.

结论:

DNA损伤是植物DNA甲基化模式和水平的重要驱动因素.
由DNA损伤引起的对称DNA甲基化可以作为一种遗传印记形式.
这些发现揭示了DNA损伤反应和植物表观遗传调节之间的新联系.

关键词:

造成的DNA损伤是DNA损伤.通过DNA甲基化.梦想一个梦想 RdDM RdDM 的意思是什么基础切除修复的基础切除修复

更多相关视频

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Published on: June 7, 2013

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

相关概念视频

Overview of DNA Repair

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Base Excision Repair

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...

Mutations

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...