胸脊椎肌肉的大小和组成在长期太空任务中的变化
Luis Poveda1, Siddharth Dash1, Diana Madrid1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Injury Biomechanics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine. 575 N. Patterson Avenue, Suite 530. Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
Life sciences in space research
|January 26, 2025
概括
长时间的太空飞行会导致显著的肌肉缩和脊椎脂肪透. 抵抗训练等对策对于减轻这些对宇航员健康有害影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 空间生理学空间生理学
- 肌肉骨适应的情况
- 宇航员的健康状况
背景情况:
- 长时间接触微重力会导致肌肉缩.
- 了解太空飞行期间脊柱肌肉的变化对于宇航员健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在长时间太空飞行之前和之后,量化肌肉大小,瘦肌面积以及胸部和腰椎脂肪透的变化.
- 评估不同运动对策的有效性.
主要方法:
- 磁共振成像 (MRI) 扫描用于测量横截面积 (CSA),功能横截面积 (FCSA) 和肌肉脂肪透 (MFI).
- 使用混合效应模型分析了9名国际空间站 (ISS) 机组人员在≥6个月的任务中的数据.
- 在飞行前和飞行后评估肌肉组成的变化.
主要成果:
- 观察到四腰肌肌肉大小 (-1.8%/月) 和副脊椎瘦肌组织 (-0.7%/月) 的显著减少.
- 在跨脊椎肌肉 (+4.1%/月) 中发现脂肪透的显著增加.
- 跑步机炼显示了减少脂肪含量和抵消副脊柱肌肉的肌肉损失的趋势;循环人体力学有利于psoas肌肉;抵抗训练改善了瘦肌肉质量.
结论:
- 长时间的太空飞行会引发显著的肌肉缩以及胸脊椎肌肉构成的有害变化.
- 有针对性的运动对策,特别是抵抗训练,对于保持宇航员的肌肉质量和构成至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发有效的策略,以防止在太空任务期间肌肉损失.
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