1990年至2021年间,智利及其地区出生体重的世俗趋势
Manuel Llorca-Jaña1, Daniel Morales-Campos2
1Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile.
概括
智利出生体重 (BW) 增加到20世纪90年代中期,然后下降. 低出生体重 (LBW) 显著下降,直到20世纪90年代中期,然后上升,区域差异可见.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 围产期流行病学 围产期流行病学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 出生体重 (BW) 和低出生体重 (LBW) 的长期趋势是母亲和儿童健康的关键指标.
- 了解BW和LBW的区域差异对于智利有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析1990年至2021年智利平均出生体重 (BW) 和低出生体重 (LBW) 流行情况的全国和区域世俗趋势.
- 确定可能导致观察到的趋势和出生结果的区域差异的潜在因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了从1990年到2021年智利7,822,975个出生的综合数据集,来源于智利国家统计局.
- 在国家和区域两级计算的平均BW和LBW流行率.
- 从1974年到1989年的国家总量中,从二次来源纳入了历史数据.
主要成果:
- 在全国范围内,平均BW从1983-1994年上升,停滞不前,并在2000年后略有下降. LBW患病率从12%下降到5% (1970年代中期到1990年代中期),然后增加到6.5%以上.
- 与全国趋势相比,安托法加斯塔地区的平均BW持续较低,LBW患病率较高.
- 在研究期间观察到BW和LBW趋势的显著变化.
结论:
- 改善的孕产妇营养可能导致BW增加和LBW下降,直到20世纪90年代中期.
- 过早出生率的上升和母亲年龄的增加可能解释了自2000年代初以来的BW下降和LBW增加.
- 安托法加斯塔的高海拔是其出生结果指标较差的一个可能因素.
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