在精英运动员中,心理虐待,运动员满意度,饮食障碍和自我伤害指标之间的关系
Erin Willson1, Stephanie Buono1, Gretchen Kerr1
1Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|January 27, 2025
概括
心理虐待伤害了运动员,增加了饮食障碍和自我伤害. 然而,运动员的满意度可以缓冲这些负面的心理健康影响,特别是在某些运动中自我伤害.
科学领域:
- 运动心理学 运动心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 心理虐待在体育中很普遍,对运动员的心理健康产生负面影响,包括自尊,情绪,焦虑,自我伤害和饮食障碍.
- 运动员的满意度是对心理虐待不利影响的潜在保护因素.
- 尽管有记录的伤害,但心理虐待有时被合理化为在田径运动中提高表现的工具.
研究的目的:
- 调查心理虐待对运动员满意度和心理健康结果 (饮食障碍,自我伤害) 的影响.
- 检查运动员满意度在心理虐待和负面心理健康指标之间的关系中起的调节作用.
主要方法:
- 调查对794名加拿大国家队运动员进行了调查.
- 该调查评估了心理虐待的经历,运动员满意度以及饮食障碍和自我伤害的指标.
主要成果:
- 在心理虐待和运动员满意度之间发现了负相关性.
- 心理虐待与饮食障碍和自我伤害的指标正相关.
- 运动员满意度显著减轻了心理虐待对自我伤害指标的影响,在非美学/体重和非团队运动中提供了保护作用.
- 在美学和基于体重的体育运动中,适度效应对饮食障碍有微不足道的意义.
结论:
- 心理虐待对运动员的饮食障碍和自我伤害有很大影响.
- 运动员的满意度是防止自我伤害的缓冲剂,但并非始终对抗饮食障碍,特别是在以美学/体重为基础的运动中.
- 防止体育中的心理虐待需要紧急关注,以保护运动员的心理健康.
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