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老年人嗅觉不好和中风风险:社区动脉样硬化风险研究
Keran W Chamberlin1, Chenxi Li1, Anna Kucharska-Newton2
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing (K.W.C., C.L., Z.L., M.R., H.C.).
Stroke
|January 27, 2025
概括
老年人嗅觉差与中风风险更高有关. 这项研究发现,在10年内,嗅觉受损与中风发病率增加之间存在显著的关联.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍是神经疾病的潜在早期指标.
- 有限的经验证据表明,糟糕的嗅觉与脑血管事件有关.
- "社区动脉样硬化风险研究"为研究这种关联提供了有价值的队列.
研究的目的:
- 调查嗅觉状态与老年人中发生中风风险之间的关联.
- 量化与不同程度的嗅觉障碍相关的中风风险.
- 探索嗅觉和中风风险之间的时间关系.
主要方法:
- 包括在基线 (2011-2013) 没有中风病史的5799名老年人.
- 使用12项Sniffin' Sticks气味识别测试 (分类为差,中等或好) 评估嗅觉.
- 利用离散时间分发的危险模型来估计中风发生率和调整的风险比率,考虑竞争风险.
主要成果:
- 在9.6年的中位数随访期间,记录了332起中风事件.
- 与良好的嗅觉相比,糟糕的嗅觉与更高的累积中风发病率显著相关.
- 对中风的调整风险比率在整个随访期间都升高,最初的RR约为2.0,到9.6年轻微减弱至1.45.
结论:
- 通过单一测试确定的嗅觉不佳是老年人中风风险增加的重要预测因素.
- 这些发现表明嗅觉功能障碍可能是脑血管事件的早期预警信号.
- 进一步的研究是有必要的,以了解潜在的机制和临床影响.
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