农村和偏远的医疗保健:空间正义的案例
Karen Hayes1,2, Kristy Coxon1,3, Rosalind A Bye1
1School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
Rural and remote health
|January 27, 2025
概括
农村居民的健康状况较差,原因是系统性的不利因素,而不仅仅是地理因素. 应用空间正义原则可以重塑政策,改善农村人口获得医疗保健的机会和结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医学地理 医学地理
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 与城市同行相比,农村人口总是面临更糟糕的健康状况,更高的贫困率和更短的预期寿命.
- 在农村地区获得医疗保健往往是有限的,更昂贵的,在后勤方面具有挑战性,地理常被认为是主要障碍.
- 现有的差异往往是通过将农村地区与城市中心进行比较,隐含地将城市环境规范化,并将农村的不利因素归因于农村空间固有的"异常性".
研究的目的:
- 批判性地研究地理在农村健康差异中的作用.
- 引入空间正义的概念,作为理解和解决这些不平等问题的框架.
- 建议重新定义农村地理,而不是将其视为不可逾越的障碍,而是将其视为易于改变的社会构造因素.
主要方法:
- 一个批判性的叙事审查,应用地理概念来分析农村健康结果.
- 利用空间正义的概念,它认为包括医疗保健在内的机会应该在所有地理位置均分配.
- 检查社会意识形态,资本主义和新自由主义如何塑造农村地理,导致空间不公正和健康不平等.
主要成果:
- 据说,农村健康结果是由于社会意识形态和地方性投资决策而不是中立的地理挑战而产生的.
- 分析表明,社会结构和意识形态积极塑造农村地理,以限制健康机会,造成空间不公正.
- 挑战了农村地理作为获得医疗保健的固定的障碍的传统观点,提出它作为一个可塑的社会结构.
结论:
- 通过空间正义的透视来重新定义农村地理,为改善医疗保健准入和结果提供了一条途径.
- 社会构建的农村地理,受意识形态的影响,可以通过政策干预来重塑,以促进健康公平.
- 应用关键的地理概念和莱费布尔空间模型可以指导政策,以提高空间正义和提高农村健康结果.
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