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Updated: May 30, 2025

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环境热应激和体力炼对温度调节,执行功能和大脑氧化的单一和综合影响
Fanjun Qin1, Ke Hu1, Yuge Wu1
1School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Journal of thermal biology
|January 27, 2025
概括
环境热应激通过减少前额叶皮层氧化而损害执行功能 (EF). 然而,将运动与热应激相结合减轻了这些负面的EF影响,尽管身体温度升高,但增强了大脑的氧化.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 环境热应激对人类生理调节和认知功能构成重大挑战.
- 了解暴露于热量,体力炼和认知表现之间的相互作用对于职业和运动安全至关重要.
- 执行功能 (EF) 特别敏感于生理变化,包括热应激引起的变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查环境热量和体力炼对执行职能 (EF) 绩效的独立和联合影响.
- 评估对前额叶皮层氧化,热调节反应和主观感知的影响.
- 为了确定运动是否可以减轻热应激的负面认知影响.
主要方法:
- 16名参与者接受了四种实验条件:温和 (23°C) 和热 (35°C) 的环境,有和没有中等强度的运动.
- 执行功能任务 (如Stroop,2-back) 在被动休息或运动之前和之后进行.
- 使用近红外光谱仪监测大脑的氧化,以及核心和皮肤温度,心率和主观评分.
主要成果:
- 仅热应激就提高了核心温度,皮肤温度,心率和感知到的炼,同时降低了EF性能 (反应时间增加,精度降低) 并降低了前额氧化.
- 在高温中炼进一步增加了生理应变,但与在高温中被动休息相比,显著改善了EF性能.
- 与单独的热量相比,在EF任务中,在高温中炼导致了更高的前额氧化.
结论:
- 环境热应激通过减少前额叶皮层氧化,显著损害执行功能.
- 适度强度的运动,即使在炎热的环境中,也可以减轻热量对执行功能的有害影响.
- 将运动与热应激相结合,可以增强生理应力,但通过保持或增强前额氧化,可以改善认知结果.
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