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现代医学中的知情同意和共享决策:基于病例的方法,当前的差距和实际建议
Giuseppe Tarantini1, Chiara Fraccaro1, Andrea Porzionato2
1Interventional Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
The American journal of cardiology
|January 27, 2025
概括
本研究提出了一种三步方法,以改善心血管保健的共享决策 (SDM) 和同意,使用P5医学原则和AI来增强患者自主性和减少医疗责任.
科学领域:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 个性化医学和系统生物学为心血管保健提供了概率模型,但临床采用面临挑战.
- 共享决策 (SDM) 对于管理复杂的心血管治疗至关重要,强调患者的自主权.
- P5医学原则将精神认知因素与个性化,预测性,预防性和参与性护理相结合.
研究的目的:
- 提出实施SDM和加强心血管保健中的同意获取的三步方法.
- 解决当前同意流程中的差距,包括语言复杂性和信息可访问性.
- 确保同意程序在法律上是合理的,尊重患者的自主权,并减轻医疗责任.
主要方法:
- 开发SDM和同意增强的三步方法建议.
- 分析当前的同意实践,确定弱势群体的复杂性和需求.
- 审查国际准则关于医学法律方法的同意验证.
主要成果:
- 拟议的方法侧重于个性化的患者参与和明确的同意程序.
- 确定的关键问题包括同意语言的复杂性,信息分散以及弱势群体的特定需求.
- 承认潜在的医疗责任和因不充分同意而产生的责任问题.
结论:
- 人工智能的实施可以增强心血管保健中的决策和患者咨询.
- 建议制定战略,以确保彻底的,法律上合理的,尊重自治的同意程序.
- 该方法旨在改善患者对心血管治疗决策的理解和参与.
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