抗生素短缺对社区抗生素使用的影响
Maarten Lambert1,2, Katja Taxis2, Lisa Pont1
1Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
|January 27, 2025
概括
口服抗生素短缺是常见的,对药物的利用有不同的影响. 一些抗生素在短缺期间使用量下降,而另一些抗生素没有显著变化,突出了各种影响.
科学领域:
- 药理学和公共卫生
- 药物使用研究 药物使用研究
- 医疗保健政策 医疗保健政策
背景情况:
- 全球药物短缺是一个重大的,不断升级的挑战.
- 口服抗生素,在全球范围内广泛处方,越来越受到这些短缺的影响.
- 口服抗生素短缺对处方模式的确切影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查口服抗生素短缺对抗生素使用模式的国家影响.
- 分析报告的抗生素短缺和抗生素处方的变化之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 澳大利亚国家退款和监管数据的横截面分析 (2022年1月至2023年12月).
- 包括所有国家补偿的口服抗生素,评估每种活性成分的缺乏频率和持续时间.
- 通过国家利用数据 (每10万居民定义的每日剂量) 和Joinpoint回归来评估临床影响,以分析趋势.
主要成果:
- 在澳大利亚,86% (18/21) 的口服抗生素经历了报告的短缺.
- 在短缺的数量/持续时间和整体利用变化之间没有发现一致的相关性.
- 在短缺期间观察到塞法克隆 (-20%) 和罗西胺素 (-26%) 的利用率显著下降;其他六种抗生素发生了轻微变化.
结论:
- 在2022年至2023年期间,澳大利亚普遍存在口服抗生素短缺问题.
- 这些短缺对利用量的影响在不同抗生素之间有很大差异.
- 虽然一些抗生素的利用率下降,与短缺相吻合,但其他抗生素没有明显的变化.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
00:57Antibiotic Selection
52.2K
Overview
52.2K
01:27Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism
3.7K
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Such synergistic combinations...
3.7K
01:18Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents
106
Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
106
01:33Bacterial Transformation
55.1K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
55.1K
01:02Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
683
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
683