山地自行车运动员的身体构成和身体表现
Rayane Carvalho de Moura1,2, Crislane de Moura Costa3,4, Cirley Pinheiro Ferreira5,4
1Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition at the Federal University of Piauí (PPGAN/UFPI), Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. rayane_cm@hotmail.com.
Scientific reports
|January 27, 2025
概括
身体构成显著影响山地自行车骑行者的表现. 较低的体脂和较高的肌肉质量/水分水平与更快的比赛时间相关,优化了运动结果.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 身体成分是骑自行车运动中身体表现的关键决定因素,影响效率和功率输出.
- 优化训练和最大限度地提高竞争自行车运动的结果需要对身体组成的影响有充分的了解.
研究的目的:
- 分析身体构成对山地自行车运动员身体表现的影响.
- 研究身体组成参数与山地自行车马拉松比赛时间之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及83名山地自行车运动员 (平均年龄39.60±11.52岁) 的横截面研究.
- 通过生物阻抗分析评估的身体组成.
- 身体表现通过站立远跳,手握强度测试和75公里山地自行车马拉松完成时间来评估.
主要成果:
- 站立远跳和手握强度与所有身体组成参数都有显著的相关性.
- 比赛时间与身体脂肪百分比 (正),骨肌肉质量 (负),总体水 (负),细胞内水 (负) 和细胞外水 (负) 有显著的相关性.
- 更高的体脂百分比与更长的比赛时间有关,而更大的肌肉质量和水分与更短的比赛时间有关.
结论:
- 身体构成显著影响山地自行车骑行者的身体表现.
- 身体水和骨肌肉质量与表现正相关,而身体脂肪百分比与表现负相关.
- 具有较低体脂和较高肌肉质量和水分水平的运动员往往会取得更好的比赛结果.
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