人工智能驱动的决策支持减少了抗生素不匹配和在门诊泌尿道感染中不适当的使用
Shirley Shapiro Ben David1,2, Roni Romano3, Daniella Rahamim-Cohen3,4
1Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, 6812509, Israel. shirleys2@tauex.tau.ac.il.
NPJ digital medicine
|January 27, 2025
概括
一个人工智能工具改善了对尿路感染 (UTI) 的抗生素处方. 尿路感染智能套件减少了30%以上的抗生素不匹配,并减少了80%的西普罗夫洛克萨使用.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
背景情况:
- 对尿路感染 (UTI) 的实证抗生素处方经常导致不适当的治疗选择.
- 抗生素耐药性和不良事件的风险需要改进尿路感染管理策略.
- 目前对尿路感染的门诊抗生素处方往往导致与致病原体的重大不匹配.
研究的目的:
- 评估人工智能驱动的决策支持工具UTI智能集 (UTIS) 对尿路感染抗生素处方模式的影响.
- 评估UTIS对门诊患者抗生素不匹配率的影响.
- 确定尿道炎症对特定类抗生素 (如类抗生素) 的利用的影响.
主要方法:
- 在一个大型门诊机构中,从2021年6月到2022年8月对171,010例尿路感染诊断的回顾性分析.
- 使用UTIS (75,630) 和不使用该工具的病例之间的抗生素处方模式和不匹配率的比较.
- 分析了19287名患者的尿液培养数据,以确定抗生素不匹配率和特定抗生素使用情况.
主要成果:
- UTIS建议的整体接受率为66.0%.
- 按照UTIS的建议,抗生素不匹配率从14.2%显著降低到8.9% (p < 0.0001).
- 尿道系统的使用导致了西普罗夫洛克萨的使用量大幅下降 (从32.9%降至6.4%,p < 0.0001),并显著降低了女性的不匹配率.
结论:
- 人工智能驱动的尿路感染智能设置工具有效地提高了门诊环境中尿路感染的抗生素处方准确度.
- UTIS证明了抗生素不匹配的显著减少,并尽量减少使用广谱抗生素,如西普洛克萨.
- 人工智能驱动的临床决策支持对优化抗生素管理和个性化感染管理具有相当大的潜力.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism
3.7K
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Such synergistic combinations...
3.7K
Antibiotic Selection
52.2K
Overview
52.2K
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.4K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.4K
Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion
2.1K
Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
2.1K
Hand hygiene
3.1K
Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Hand washing...
3.1K
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
61
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
61


