评估电脑化运动模仿评估 (CAMI) 用于识别自闭症特异性困难,而不是注意力缺陷多动症或神经类型发育障碍
Romila Santra1, Carolina Pacheco2, Deana Crocetti1
1Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science
|January 28, 2025
概括
一个新的1分钟视频游戏,电脑化运动模仿评估 (CAMI),有效地区分自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与神经类型儿童以及注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童. 这种工具对更早,更准确的ASD诊断具有前途.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 生物标志物发现发现
背景情况:
- 将自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 区分开来是具有挑战性的,因为症状重叠,导致诊断延迟.
- 缺乏特定的生物标志物阻碍了对ASD和同时出现的ADHD的准确诊断和及时干预.
研究的目的:
- 评估电脑化运动模仿评估 (CAMI),一个简短的视频游戏,其识别自闭症特异性运动模仿差异的能力.
- 为了比较ASD,ADHD和神经类型儿童的CAMI表现.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及183名7至13岁儿童的横截面研究.
- 使用CAMI与标准化措施一起:社会反应量表,自闭症诊断观察表-第二版 (ADOS-2),康纳斯,以及对软标志的物理和神经检查.
- 参与者包括ADHD (没有ASD),ASD (有或没有ADHD) 和神经类型对照的儿童.
主要成果:
- 与神经类型儿童相比,患有自闭症儿童的CAMI表现明显较差,而不管同时出现的ADHD.
- CAMI成功地将ASD与神经类型儿童 (80%的真实阳性率) 和ADHD (70%的真实阳性率) 区分开来.
- 在ASD中较差的CAMI表现与自闭症特征的增加有关,特别是通过ADOS-2测量的社会影响和受限制/重复行为.
结论:
- 低成本和可扩展的CAMI方法可靠地将ASD与神经类型发展区分开来.
- CAMI特别区分ASD和ADHD,即使它们同时发生.
- 这种基于视频游戏的评估为改善神经发育障碍的诊断准确性提供了有希望的工具.
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